Ali Ahmed, S.A., Boughattas, S., Mahmoudi, M.R., Khan, H., Mamedova, S., Namboodiri, A., Masangkay, F.R., and Karanis, P. (2025). Cryptosporidium and cryptosporidiosis: An update of Asian perspectives in humans, water and food, 2015–2025. CRPVBD, 8, 1-18.
Baroudi, D., Hakem, A., Adamu, H., Amer, S., Khelef, D., Adjou, K., Dahmani, H., Chen, X., Roellig, D., Feng, Y., and Xiao, L. (2018). Zoonotic Cryptosporidium species and subtypes in lambs and goat kids in Algeria. Parasites and Vectors, 6(11), 1-8.
Castro-Hermida, J. A., González-Warleta, M., and Mezo, M. (2007). Natural infection with Cryptosporidium parvum and Giardia duodenalis in sheep and goats in Galicia (NW, Spain). Small Ruminant Research, 72, 96-100.
Chen, Y., Qin, H., Huang, J., Li, J., and Zhang, L. (2022). The global prevalence of Cryptosporidium in sheep: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Parasitology, 149(12), 1652-1665.
Cheng, C., Fan, Z., Cheng, D., and Tao, J. (2024). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in Sheep and Goats in Jiangsu, China. Veterinary Sciences, 11(4), 1-8.
Constable, P.D., Hinchcliff, K.W., Done, S.H., and Grunberg, W. (2017). Veterinary Medicine, A textbook of the diseases of Cattle, Horses, Sheep, Pigs, and Goats. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Saunders Elsevier, 397-400.
Dalimi, A., and F. Tahvildar (2017). Molecular study on Cryptosporidium andersoni strains isolated from sheep based on 18S rRNA gene. Infection Epidemiology and Microbiology, 3(3), 100-103.
Fasihi Harandi, M., and A. R. Fotouhi (2008). Cryptosporidium infection of sheep and goats in Kerman: epidemiology and risk factor analysis. Journal of Veterinary Research, 63(1), 47-51.
Firoozi, Z., Sazmand, A., Zahedi, A., Astani, A., Fattahi-Bafghi, A., Kiani-Salmi, N., Ebrahimi, B., Dehghani-Tafti, A., Ryan, U., and Akrami‑Mohajeri, F. (2019). Prevalence and genotyping identification of Cryptosporidium in adult ruminants in central Iran. Parasites and Vectors, 12(510), 1-6.
Fotouhi Ardakani, R., Fasihi Harandi, M., Solayman Banai, S., Kamyabi, H., Atapour, M., and Sharifi, I. (2008). Epidemiology of Cryptosporidium Infection of Cattle in Kerman/Iran and Molecular Genotyping of some Isolates. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 15(4), 313-320.
Gerace, E., Presti, V. D. M. L., and Biondo, C. (2019). Cryptosporidium Infection: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Differential Diagnosis. European Journal of Microbiology and Immunology, 9, 119-123.
Gharekhani, J., Heidari, H., and Youssefi, M. (2014). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in sheep in Iran. Türkiye Parazitoloji Dergisi, 38, 22-25.
Ghorbanzadeh, M. B., Ebrahimzadeh,E., Azizzadeh,M., and Mohammadi, G. (2023). Cryptosporidium infection in lambs: prevalence and potential risk factors in villages of Mashhad city, eastern Iran. Journal of Zoonotic Diseases, 8(1), 436-444.
Haghi, M.M., Khorshidvand, Z., Khazaei,S., Foroughi-Parvar, F., Sarmadian, H., Barati, N., Etemadifar, F., and Ghasemikhah, R. (2020). Cryptosporidium animal species in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Tropical Medicine and Health, 48(97), 1-15.
Hatam-Nahavandi, K., Ahmadpour, E., Carmena, D., Spotin, A., Bangoura, B., and Xiao, L. (2019). Cryptosporidium infections in terrestrial ungulates with focus on livestock: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Parasites and Vectors, 12(453): 1-23.
Heidari, H. (2011). Identification of Eimeria species in sheep of Hamadan surburb. Journal of Veterinary Research, 66(2), 165-167.
Hendrix, C. M., and Robinson, E. D. (2016). Diagnostic Parasitology for Veterinary Technicians. 5th ed. USA, Mosby Publication, 121-124.
Kabira, M. H. B., Ceylanc, O., Ceylanc, C., Shehatad, A. A., Bandod, H., Essae, M. I., Xuana, X., Sevincc, F., and Katoa, K. (2020). Molecular investigations have identified nearly 40 species and over 50 genotypes, of which Cryptosporidium hominis and Cryptosporidium parvum are the most prevalent in humans, causing asymptomatic or mild-to-severe gastrointestinal diseases. Parasitology International, 79, 1-6.
Kaupke, A., Michalski, M. M., and Rzeżutka, A. (2017). Diversity of Cryptosporidium species occurring in sheep and goat breeds reared in Poland. Parasitology Research, 116(3), 871-879.
Khezri, M., and Khezri, O. (2013). The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in lambs and goat kids in Kurdistan, Iran. Veterinary World, 6, 974-977.
King, B. J., and Monis, P. T. (2007). Critical processes affecting Cryptosporidium oocyst survival in the environment. Parasitology, 134(3): 309-323.
Koinari, M., Lymbery, A. J., and Ryan, U. M. (2014). Cryptosporidium species in sheep and goats from Papua New Guinea. Experimental Parasitology, 141, 134-137.
Mahdi, N. K., and Ali, N. H. (2002). Cryptosporidiosis among animal handlers and their livestock in Basrah, Iraq. East African Medical Journal, 79, 550-553.
Mahfouz, M. E., Mira, N., and Amer, S. (2014). Prevalence and genotyping of Cryptosporidium spp. in farm animals in Egypt. The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 76, 1569-1575.
Majewska, A. C., Werner, A., Sulima, P., and Luty, T. (2000). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium in sheep and goats bred on five farms in west-central region of Poland. Veterinary Parasitology, 89(4), 269-275.
Mammeri, M., Cartou, L., Chevillot, A., Thomas, M., Julien, C., Vallée, I., Polack, B., Follet, J., and Adjou, K. T. (2019). First identification of Cryptosporidium parvum zoonotic subtype IIaA15G2R1 in diarrheal lambs in France. Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports, 18, 1-4.
Maurya, P. S., Rakesh, R. L., Pradeep, B., Kumar, S., Kundu, K., Garg, R., Ram, H., Kumar, A., and Banerjee, P. S. (2013). Prevalence and risk factors associated with Cryptosporidium spp. infection in young domestic livestock in India. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 45, 941-946.
Mi, R., Wang, X., Huang, Y., Zhou, P., Liu, Y., Chen, Y., Chen, J., Zhu, W., and Chen, Z. (2014). Prevalence, molecular characterization and zoonotic potential of Cryptosporidium spp. in goats in Henan and Chongqing, China. Experimental Parasitology, 142, 11-16.
Mousavi, H., Dehghanipour, A. H., Ferreira, C. S. S., and Kalantari, Z. (2024). Investigating the Impact of Large Lakes on Local Precipitation: Case Study of Lake Urmia, Iran. Water, 16(9): 1-19.
Papanikolopoulou, V., Lafi, S. Q., Papadopoulos, E., Diakou, A., Xiao, L., and Giadinis, N. D. (2022). Risk factors for Cryptosporidium infection in small ruminants in northern Greece. Veterinary Parasitology, 309, 1-6.
Robertson, L. J. (2009). Giardia and Cryptosporidium infections in sheep and goats: a review of the potential for transmission to humans via environmental contamination. Epidemiology and Infection, 137(7), 913-921.
Roellig, D. M., and Xiao, L. (2020). Cryptosporidium genotyping for epidemiologytracking. Methods in Molecular Biology, 2052, 103-116.
Romero-Salas, D., Alvarado-Esquivel, C., Cruz-Romero, A., Aguilar-Domínguez, M., Ibarra-Priego, N., Merino-Charrez, J. O., Pérez de León, A. A., and Hernández-Tinoco, J. (2016). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium in small ruminants from Veracruz, Mexico. BMC Veterinary Research, 12(14), 1-6.
Sadeghi Dehkordi, Z., Partoandazan, A., and Abdolmaleki, N. (2016). Epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis in sheep of Sanandaj city. Zoonoses Research, 2(1), 25-29.
Santin, M. (2020). Cryptosporidium and Giardia in ruminants. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 36(1), 223-238.
Sayin ipek, D. N. (2017). Prevalence and molecular characterisation of Cryptosporidium spp. in diarrhoeic pre-weaned goat kids reared under traditional farming system in Diyarbakır, Southeastern Anatolia City, Turkey. Revue de Medecine Veterinaire, 168, 229-234.
Shafieyan, H., Alborzi, A., Hamidinejat, H., Tabandeh, M. R., and Hajikolaei, M. R. H. (2016). Prevalence of cryptosporidium spp. in ruminants of Lorestan Province, Iran. Journal of Parasitic Diseases, 40(4), 1165-1169.
Sima, S., A. Ahmadalipour, A., and Tajrishy, M. (2013). Mapping surface temperature in a hyper-saline lake and investigating the effect of temperature distribution on the lake evaporation. Remote Sensing of Environment, 136, 374–385.
Soltane, R., Guyot, K., Dei-Cas, E., and Ayadi, A. (2007). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. (Eucoccidiorida: Cryptosporiidae) in seven species of farm animals in Tunisia. Parasite, 14, 335-338.
Soulsby, E. J. L. (1986). Helminthes, Arthropods and Protozoa of Domesticated Animals. 7th ed. London.UK. Ballier, 808-810.
Thomson, S., Hamilton, A., Hope, J.C., Katzer, F., Mabbott, N.A., Morrison, L., and Innes, E.A. (2017). Bovine cryptosporidiosis: impact, host-parasite interaction and control strategies. Vet Res, 48(42): 1-16.
Vahedi, N., Asl, A., and Saadat, M. (2009). Primary research on gastro-intestinal cryptosporidium incidence rate in lambs and calves in Amol city. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research, 64(2), 101-103.
Yang, F., Ma, L., Gou, J., Yao, H., Ren, M., Yang, B., and Lin, Q. (2022). Seasonal distribution of Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia duodenalis and Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Tibetan sheep in Qinghai, China. Parasit Vectors, 15(394): 1-9.
Yang, R., Jacobson, C., Gordon, C., and Ryan, U. (2021). Prevalence of Cryptosporidium Infection in Sheep and Goat Flocks in China During 2010-2019: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 21(9), 692-706.
Young, I., Smith, B., and Fazil, A.M. (2014). A systematic review and meta-analysis of the effects of extreme weather events and other weather-related variables on Cryptosporidium and Giardia in fresh surface waters. Journal of Water and Health, 13(1): 1-17.
