نشریه دامپزشکی ایران

نشریه دامپزشکی ایران

ارزیابی ایمنی‌زایی و اثربخشی حفاظتی واکسن یرسینیا راکری در ماهی قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان تغذیه‌شده با پروبیوتیک‌های ریزپوشانی‌شده

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکترای بهدشت آبزیان، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
2 استاد گروه بهداشت دام، طیور و آبزیان، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
3 دانشیار گروه پاتوبیولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران
10.22055/ivj.2025.521864.2791
چکیده
    در این مطالعه اثرات مکمل غذایی با باسیلوس سوبتیلیس و لاکتوباسیلوس بولگاریکوس، به هر دو شکل آزاد و ریزپوشانی شده با آلژینات/کیتوزان، بر پاسخ ایمنی و اثربخشی واکسن یرسینیا راکری در ماهی قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان (Oncorhynchus mykiss) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.  در مجموع ۵۴۰ ماهی قزل‌آلای رنگین‌کمان (1/5 ±20 گرم) به طور تصادفی به شش گروه (هر کدام با سه تکرار) تقسیم شدند: گروه A (کنترل) یک رژیم غذایی پایه دریافت کرد؛ گروه B علیه یرسینیا راکری واکسینه شد و با رژیم غذایی پایه تغذیه شد؛ گروه‌های C و D به ترتیب واکسینه شدند و با رژیم‌های غذایی حاوی لاکتوباسیلوس بولگاریکوس آزاد یا ریزپوشانی شده تغذیه شدند؛ و گروه‌های E و F به ترتیب با رژیم‌های غذایی حاوی باسیلوس سوبتیلیس آزاد یا ریزپوشانی شده تغذیه شدند.  نمونه‌برداری در روزهای ۰، ۳۰ و ۶۰ مطالعه برای ارزیابی پارامترهای ایمنی­شناسی (تیتر آنتی‌بادی، فعالیت لیزوزیم، فعالیت باکتری‌کشی، NBT، سطح گلوبولین) و پارامترهای خونی (RBC، WBC، Hb، Hct) انجام شد.  در روز ۶۰ آزمایش، همه گروه‌ها با یرسینیا راکری اتوژن مورد آزمایش قرار گرفتند و مرگ و میر تجمعی طی ۱۴ روز ثبت شد.  نتایج نشان داد که گروه‌های D و F (پروبیوتیک‌های ریزپوشانی شده) عملکرد رشدشان به طور قابل توجهی نسبت به گروه کنترل بالاتر بود.  به طور مشابه، پارامترهای ایمنی­شناسی در گروه‌های پروبیوتیک ریزپوشانی شده به طور قابل توجهی افزایش یافتند، در حالی که مقادیر خون‌شناسی از نظر آماری بین گروه‌ها تغییر نکرد.  پس از چالش، میزان مرگ و میر در گروه D (13.3 درصد) و گروه F (3/23 درصد) در مقایسه با گروه کنترل (7/86 درصد) به طور قابل توجهی کمتر بود.  در نتیجه، اگر چه هر دو پروبیوتیک، لاکتوباسیلوس بولگاریکوس و باسیلوس سوبتیلیس، ایمنی‌زایی و اثربخشی واکسن علیه یرسینیا راکری را افزایش دادند، ریزپوشانی پروبیوتیک‌ها با آلژینات و کیتوزان به طور قابل توجهی عملکرد واکسن را بهبود بخشید.
کلیدواژه‌ها

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