Agbor, V. B., Cicek, N., Sparling, R., Berlin, A. & Levin, D. B. (2011). Biomass pretreatment: fundamentals toward application. Biotechnology Advanves, 29:675-685.
AOAC. (1990). Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Official Methods of Analysis, 15th ed. AOAC, Arlington, VA, USA.
Arora, D. S. & Sharma, R. K. (2011). Effect of different supplements on bioprocessing of wheat straw by Phlebia brevispora: changes in its chemical composition, in vitro digestibility and nutritional properties. Bioresource Technolology, 102:8085-8091.
Atasoglu, C., Valdés, C., Walker, N. D., Newbold, C. J. & Wallace, R. J. (1998). De novo synthesis of amino acids by the ruminal bacteria Prevotella bryantii B14, Selenomonas ruminantium HD4, and Streptococcus bovis ES1. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 64:2836-2843.
Ausubel, F.M., Brent, R., Kingstone, R.E., Moore, D.D., Seidman, J.G., Smith, J.A., & Struhl, K. (1995). Short Protocols in Molecular Biology, Third edition. p 836. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
Azizi-Shotorkhoft, A., Mohammadabadi, T., Motamedi, H., Chaji, M., & Fazaeli, H. (2016). Isolation and identification of termite gut symbiotic bacteria with lignocellulose-degrading potential, and their effects on the nutritive value for ruminants of some by-products. Animal Feed Scence and Technology, 221:234-242.
Bholay, A.D., Gaur, A., Ganeshan, M., & Shah, R. (2014). Exploration of cellulolytic potential of Termite gut flora for sustainable development. J Environ Sci. Toxicology and Food Technology, 8(2):71-76.
Borji, M. (2003). The Survey Possibility of Straw Polysaccharides and Lignin Degradation by Isolated Microbiota from Termites. PhD Thesis. Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Gunavathy, P., & Boominathan, M. (2015). Isolation and Molecular characterization of Cellulase Producing Bacteria from Soil of Sacred Grove Puducherry, India. International Journal and Current Microbiology Appiled Science, 4:584-590.
FASS. Guide for the care and use of agricultural animals in research and teaching, 3rd ed. Federation of Animal Science Societies, Champaign, IL.2010.
Harsini, M., Mohammadabadi, T., Motamedi, H., Sari, M., & Teimori, A. (2019). Isolation and identification of cellulolytic bacteria from gastrointestinal tract of Arabian horse and investigation of their effect on the nutritional value of wheat straw. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 127:344-353.
Hendriks, A.T.W.M., & Zeeman, G. (2009). Pretreatments to enhance the digestibility of lignocellulosic biomass. Bioresource Technology, 100:10-18.
Iqbal, A., & Khan, B.B. (2001). Feeding behavior of camel. Pakistan Journal of Agriculture Science, 38:58 –63
Kumar, D., Ashfaque, M., Muthukumar, M., Singh, M., & Garg, N. (2012). Production and characterization of carboxymethyl cellulase from Paenibacillus polymyxa using mango peel as substrate. Journal of Environmental Biology, 33:81–84.
Liang, Y.L., Zhang, Z., Wu, M., Wu, Y., & Feng, J.X. (2014). Isolation, screening, and identification of cellulolytic bacteria from natural reserves in the subtropical region of China and optimization of cellulase production by Paenibacillus terrae ME27-1. Biomedical Research Intenrnational, 2014:1-13.
Lo, Y.C., Saratale, G.D., Chen, W.M., Bai, M.D., & Chang, J.S. (2009). Isolation of cellulose-hydrolytic bacteria and applications of the cellulolytic enzymes for cellulosic biohydrogen production. Enzyme Microbiology Technology, 44:417-425.
Lokapirnasari, W.P., Nazar, D.S., Nurhajati, T., Supranianondo, K., & Yulianto, A.B. (2015). Production and assay of cellulolytic enzyme activity of Enterobacter cloacae WPL 214 isolated from bovine rumen fluid waste of Surabaya abbatoir Indonesia. Veterinary World 8:367-371.
Makkar, H.P.S., & Becker, K. (1998). Do tannins in leaves of trees and shrubs from African and Himalayan regions differ in level and activity?. Agroforest System, 40:59-68.
Marjamaa, K., Toth, K., Bromann, P.A., Szakacs, G., & Kruus, K. (2013). NOvel Penicillium cellulases for total hydrolysis of lignocellulosics. Enzyme Microbial Technology, 52:358–369.
Martins, L.F., Kolling, D., Camassola, M., Dillon, A.J.P., & Ramos, L.P. (2008). Comparison of Penicillium echinulatum and Trichoderma reesei cellulases in relation to their activity against various cellulosic substrates. Bioresource Technology, 99:1417–1424.
Menke, K.H., & Steingass, H. (1988). Estimation of the energetic feed value obtained from chemical analysis and gas production using rumen fluid. Animal Research Developement, 28:7–55.
Miller, G.L. (1959). Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Analysis Chemistry, 31:426-428.
Njidda, A.A. (2010). Effects of cotton seed cake and poultry litter supplementation on performance of grazing sheep in the Sahelian zone of Nigeria. Sahel Journal of Veterinary Science, 9:1-9.
Okano, K., Ohkoshi, N., Nishiyama, A., Usagawa, & T., Kitagawa, M. (2009). Improving the nutritive value of madake bamboo, Phyllostachys bambusoides, for ruminants by culturing with the white-rot fungus Ceriporiopsis subvermispora.
Pang, J., Liu, Z.Y., Hao, M., Zhang, Y.F., & Qi, Q.S. (2017). An isolated cellulolytic Escherichia coli from bovine rumen produces ethanol and hydrogen from corn straw. Biotechnology Biofuels, 10:165.
Pérez, J., Munoz-Dorado, J., de la Rubia, T.D.L.R., & Martinez, J. (2002). Biodegradation and biological treatments of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin: an overview. International Microbiology, 5:53-63.
Phillips, A., Heucke, J., Dorges, B., & OReilly, G. (2001). Co-grazing cattle and camels. A report for the Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation, Australia.
Rezaei, F., Xing, D., Wagner, R., Regan, J.M., Richard, T.L., & Logan, B.E. (2009). Simultaneous cellulose degradation and electricity production by Enterobacter cloacae in a microbial fuel cell. Applied Environmental Microbiology, 75:3673-367.
Rodrigues, M.A.M., Pinto, P., Bezerra, R.M.F., Dias, A.A., Guedes, C.V.M., Cardoso, V.M.G., & Sequeira, C.A. (2008). Effect of enzyme extracts isolated from white-rot fungi on chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of wheat straw. Animal Feed Science Technology, 141:326-338.
Sami, A.J., Awais, M., & Shakoori, A.R. (2008). Preliminary studies on the production of endo-1, 4-β–Dglucanases activity produced by Enterobacter cloacae. African Journal of Biotechnology, 7:1318-1322.
Samsudin, A.A., Evans, P.N., Wright, A.D.G, & Al Jassim, R. (2011). Molecular diversity of the foregut bacteria community in the dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius). Environmental Microbiology, 13:3024–3035.
Samsudin, A.A., Wright, A.D.G, & Al Jassima, R. (2012). Cellulolytic Bacteria in the Foregut of the Dromedary Camel (Camelus dromedarius). Applied Environmental Microbiology, 78:8836–8839.
Sánchez, C. (2009). Lignocellulosic residues: biodegradation and bioconversion by fungi. Biotechnology Advances, 27:185-194.
SAS (2001). Statistical Analysis System, User’s Guide: Statistics, Version 8.2. SAS Institute Cary, NC, USA.
Sharma, R.K., & Arora, D.S. (2013). Fungal degradation of lignocellulosic residues: an aspect of improved nutritive quality. Critical Rev Microbiology, 41:52-60.
Shinde, V.S., Agrawal, T., & Kotasthane, A.S. (2017). Molecular Characterization of Cellulolytic Bacteria Derived From Termite Gut and Optimization of Cellulase Production. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Science, 6:2474-2492.
Tilley, J.M.A., & Terry, R.A. (1963). A two stage technique for the in vitro digestion of forage crops. Journal Br Grassland Society, 18:104–111.
Turnbull, K.L., Smith, R.P., St-Pierre, B., & Wright, A.D.G (2012). Molecular diversity of methanogens in fecal samples from Bactrian camels (Camelus bactrianus) at two zoos. Research Veterinary Science, 93:246–249.
Van Soest, P.J. (1994). Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant, 2nd ed. Cornell Univ. Press Ithaca. pp. 476. NY, USA: Cornell University Press.
Van Soest, P.J., Robertson, J.B., & Lewis, B.A. (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74:3583–3597.
Waeonukul, R., Kyu, K.L., Sakka, K., & Ratanakhanokchai, K. (2009). Isolation and characterization of a multienzyme complex (cellulosome) of the Paenibacillus curdlanolyticus B-6 grown on Avicel under aerobic conditions. Journal of Bioscience Bioengetic, 107:610–614.
Wang, Y., Ramirez-Bribiesca, J.E., Yanke, L.J., Tsang, A., & McAllister, T.A. (2012). Effect of exogenous fibrolytic enzyme application on the microbial attachment and digestion of barley straw in vitro. Asian-Aust Journal of Animal Science, 25:66-74.
Weisburg, W.G., Borns, S.M., Pelltier, D.A., & Lane, D.J. (1991). 16S Ribosomal DNA amplification for phylogenetic study. Journal of Bacteriology, 173:697–703.
Ziemer, C. J., Sharp, R., Stern, M. D., Cotta, M. A., Whitehead, T. R., & Stahl, D. A. (2002). Persistence and functional impact of a microbial inoculant on native microbial community structure, nutrient digestion and fermentation characteristics in a rumen model. Systematic Applied Microbiology, 25(3): 416-422.
