Iranian Veterinary Journal

Iranian Veterinary Journal

Evaluation of the clinical, hematological, biochemical and histopathological findings in bitches suffering from cystic endometrial hyperplasia/pyometra

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Simin Khalaf Deris 1
Bahman Mosallanejad 2
Annahita Rezaie 3
Mohammad Razi Jalali 2
Ali Ronagh 4
saad gooraninejad 2
1 DVSc Graduated of Small Animal Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
4 Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
10.22055/ivj.2022.358056.2492
Abstract
    Pyometra is one of the most common diseases of the genital system in the female dogs. The aim of the present survey is to investigate the dogs suffering from cystic endometrial hyperplasia or pyometra from clinical, hematological, biochemical and histopathological aspects. For this, a total of sixty dogs were studied. At first thirty dogs of small and large breeds with an average age of 5.57±2.04 years, affected by cystic endometrial hyperplasia or pyometra and another thirty healthy dog​s were selected. Blood samples were taken from all dogs and hematological factors (counting white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets) and biochemical factors (ALP, AST, ALT, globulin, Albumin to Globulin ratio, total protein, BUN, creatinine, cholesterol and lactate) and histopathological findings were also investigated. Nine dogs were identified with cystic endometrial hyperplasia and twenty-one dogs were affected by pyometra. The most important clinical signs were included lethargy, abnormal discharge from the vagina, anorexia, dilation of the uterus, polyuria/polydipsia, dehydration, fever, pale mucus membranes and vomiting. The results of the hematology test showed leukocytosis (mean: 32.16±5.54), neutrophilia with left shift deviation, and normochromic-normocytic anemia in the affected dogs by pyometra. Histopathological evaluation confirmed the thickness of the uterine wall due to significant endometrial hyperplasia, the increase in the number of cystic glands, and the accumulation of pus in the uterine canal and horns. In the biochemical test, the levels ​​of ALP, total protein and globulin were significantly higher in the pyometra group than healthy group. Besides, the ratio of albumin to globulin (0.37±0.06) was significantly decreased in the pyometra group. BUN (52.3±14.2 mg/dl), creatinine (2.1±0.34 mg/dl) and lactate (3.65±0.38 mmol/l) concentrations were also significantly higher in the affected dogs to pyometra. It can be concluded that the survey of hematological (such as leukocytosis, neutrophilia and anemia) and biochemical indices (increase of ALP, total protein, globulin and plasma hyperlactatemia) can significantly help with the diagnosis and prognosis of pyometra in dogs.
Keywords
Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia/Pyometra
Clinical
Hematological
Biochemical
Histopathology
Dog

Subjects

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