Histopathological study of gill and fish treatment in Ichthyophthiriasis of white skirt tetra (Gymnocorymbus ternetzi)

Document Type : Case report

Authors

1 Professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Associate Professor, Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

3 PhD Student of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract

    In November 2019 five samples of diseased tetra fish from a fish propagation center were referred to the faculty laboratory. Diseased fish exhibited irritation, flashing, anorexia, respiratory distress (gasping) and some fresh sore on body surface, especially head region. In this study, the classic sign of Ichthyophthiriasis (i.e., white spots) was not seen on fish skin, but pathological changes and a significant number of the parasite was seen on the gills and operculum region. The density of infestation was greater in gills and in fins and skin the intensity of the parasite was lower. The tissue scraping was examined by photomicroscope and large (50 to 1000 μm) trophonts were seen in wet and Giemsa stained dry smears. In histopathologic sections, the parasites have elicited moderate gill cellular reactions, hyperplasia and shortening of the secondary lamella. Theront or early trophont stage was seen attached to the basal layer, under the epithelium of the gill. The fish stock was successfully treated by changing the water salinity, elevating the water temperature and Lateux-Meyer mixture bath.

Keywords

References

GersdorffJørgensen, L. (2017). The fish parasite Ichthyophthirius multifiliis – Host immunology, vaccines and novel treatments. Fish and Shellfish Immunology, 67: 586-595.
Jalali, B, Barzegar, M. & Nezamabadi H. (2008). Parasitic fauna of the spiny eel, Mastacembelus mastacembelus. Banks et Solander (Teleostei: Mastacembelidae) in Iran. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research, 9:158-161.
Kim J.H, Hayward C.J. & Joh, S.J. (2002) Parasitic infections in live freshwater tropical fishes imported to Korea. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 52:169-173.
Lemos, J.R.G., Tavares-Dias, M. & De Aquino Sales, R.S. (2007). Parasites in gills of farmed Brycon amazonicus (Characidae, bryconinae) in stream channels of Turumamirim, Amazonas State, Brazil. Acta Scientiarum Biological Sciences, 29: 217-222.
Matthews, R.A. (2005). Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Fouquet and ichthyophthiriosis in freshwater teleosts. Advance in Parasitology, 59:159-241.
Miron, D.S., Silva, L.V.F. & Golombieski JI (2004). Efficacy of different salt (NaCl) concentrations in the treatment of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis-infected silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen, fingerlings. Journal of Applied Aquaculture, 14:155-161.
Ogut, H., Akyol, A. & Alkahn, M.Z. (2005). Seasonality of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in the trout (Onchorynchus mykiss) farms of the eastern Black Sea region of turkey. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 5: 23-27.
Picón-Camacho, S.M., Marcos-Lopez, M., Beljean, A., Debeaume, S. & Shinn, A.P. (2012). In vitro assessment of the chemotherapeutic action of a specific hydrogen peroxide, peracetic, acetic, and peroctanoic acid-based formulation against the free-living stages of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Ciliophora). Parasitology Research, 110: 1029–1032.
Roberts, R.J. (ed) (2012). Fish Pathology. 4th ed. Iowa, USA: Willey-Blackwell, pp: 215-250.
Schachte, J.H. (2011). A short term treatment of malachite green and formalin for the control of Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis on channel catfish in holding tanks. The Progressive Fish-Culturist, 36 (2): 103-104.
Sheng-Yu, Z., Yan-Meng, L., Qi-Zhong, Z., Yao-Wu, F. & De-Jie, L. (2018). Evaluation of an antiparasitic compound extracted from Polygonum cuspidatum against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in grass carp. Veterinary Parasitology, 253: 22-25.
Swennes, A.G., Noe, J.G. & Findly, R.C. (2006). Differences in virulence between two serotypes of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 69: 227-232.
Xu, D.H., Klesius, P.H., & Shelby, R.A. (2002). Cutaneous antibodies in excised skin from channel catfish, Ictalurus puctatus Rafinesque, immune to Ichthyophthirius mutlfiliis. Journal of fish Diseases, 25: 45-52.
Yan-Meng, L., Qi-Zhong, Z., De-Hai, X., Yao-Wu, F., De-Jie, L., Sheng-Yu, Z. & JianPei, L., (2017). Antiparasitic efficacy of curcumin from Curcuma longa against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in grass carp. Veterinary Parasitology, 236: 128-136.
Yao-Wu, F., Bin, W., Qi-Zhong, Z. De-Hai, X., Yan-Meng, L., Ting-Long, H. & ShuQuan, G. (2019). Efficacy and antiparasitic mechanism of 10-gingerol isolated from ginger Zingiber officinale against Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in grass carp. Veterinary Parasitology. 265: 74-84.
Zhao, X., Findly, R.C. & Dickerson, H.W. (2008). Cutaneous antibody-secreting cells and B cells in a teleost fish. Development of Comparative Immunology, 32: 500-508.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics