Survey in red blood cell oxidative alterations due to experimental exposure to lindane in broiler chicken, Ross strain

    Gamma hexachlorocyclohexane (Lindane) is one of the persistent chlorinated pesticides which is used as insecticide on agriculture and it is also used in form of shampoo or lotions to control lice and ticks in human and animals. Some studied revealed that oxidative stress and anemia are the remarkable effects against some of environmental pollutant. Therefore, in this study we decided to evaluate the effects of this material with measuring of RBC’s antioxidant enzymes such as catalase and glutation peroxidase. PCV values and their relating with enzyme activities were also noted.
In this survey, 180 Ross broiler chicken were randomly divided into 4 groups  and were fed diet containing 0 (control ), 25, 50 and 75 ppm lindane for 45 days. At the end of 15, 30 and 45 days, chicken weighed and after euthanizing, blood were collected with heparin and examined for RBC’s catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities and PCV level.
The results revealed that weight of chickens decreased significantly in 50 and 75 ppm group comparing with 25 ppm and control groups.  The highest and lowest of weigh were seen in the 25 and 75 ppm respectively on day 45. In 25 ppm group RBC catalase activity increased comparing to control and other groups on day of 15 (p<0.05). However, the lowest and highest catalase activity were seen  in the groups of 75 and 25 ppm respectively. The activity of RBC glutation peroxidase in the all groups comparing to control increased significantly on day 15 (p<0.05) and then decreased on day 45. The measurement of PCV showed no significant differences between experimental groups and control group.
It is concluded that lindane administration causes RBC enzyme activity alterations which necessarily don’t associate with changes of packed cell volume which is the sign of anemia in the poultry.