Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
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1. PhD Student in Comparative Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Department of Anatomy and embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
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3. Professor, Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran; Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
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Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
10.22055/ivj.2023.406180.2596
Abstract
Sodium valproate (SV), as a common anti-epileptic drug, cause teratogenic effects on skeletal system by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Herbal extract of Prosopis Farcta (PF) as a natural antioxidant necessary for many physiological activities, can probably ameliorate the teratogenic effects of SV during pregnancy. In this study, aimed to investigate the possible anti-teratogenic role of PF and Vitamin E (VE) on skeletal anomalies caused by SV in rat fetuses. Adult female rats (n=30) were categorized into 6 groups including control, SV (400 mg/kg), SV+VE (100mg/kg), and three doses of PF (50, 100, and 150 mg/kg) + SV. Each male rat mated with three adult female rats. The rats received SV, PF and VE at the 8th and 9th days of pregnancy by intraperitoneal injection. The animals were anesthetized and the laparotomy was applied at the 20th day of pregnancy. Skeletal abnormalities were analyzed using Alizarin red and Alcian blue staining. The expression of Runx2 and BMP2 genes were assessed using qPCRTM analysis in limbs bones. SV showed significant (p≤0.05) teratogenic effects including decreased the rate of animal weight, Crown-rump length (CRL), various skeletal anomalies (p≤0.05). The mRNA expression of Runx2 and BMP2 were also reduced in SV exposed animals(p≤0.05). Administration of PF (specially 100mg/kg) in SV-exposed animals increased the weight of animals, CRL index, expression of Runx2 and BMP2, and reduced skeletal anomalies (p≤0.05). The body weight, CRL index, Runx2 and BMP2 mRNA expression significantly increased, and skeletal anomalies decreased in VE group compared to the SV group (p≤0.05). The results showed that PF could ameliorate the skeletal abnormalities and decreased osteogenic associated genes induced by SV in rat offsprings.
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