مطالعه ایمونوتوکسیسیتی ناشی از آلاینده‌های گازی نفت خام در تکوین جنین و نوزادان موش صحرایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای آناتومی و جنین شناسی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه پاتوبیولوژی، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه علوم پایه، دانشکده دامپزشکی، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران

10.22055/ivj.2022.345026.2473

چکیده

    آلودگی محیط زیست و به خصوص آلاینده­های نفت و گاز در سلامت مادر و جنین دارای تأثیری مخرب است.  در این تحقیق اثرات مستقیم گاز­های نفتی بر تکوین و عملکرد اجزای سیستم ایمنی در دوران قبل از تولد جنین و ابتدای نوزادی در موش صحرایی بررسی شده است.  36 سر موش­های صحرایی باردار در 2 گروه آلاینده و کنترل تقسیم بندی شدند.  از روز نخست بارداری گروه آلاینده به مدت 5 ساعت در روز در معرض بخارات نفتی در محفظه ویواریوم قرار گرفتند.  برداشت نمونه طحال جنین جهت بررسی بیان ژن­های فاکتور نکروز توموری الفا (TNFα)، اینترفرون بتا-1، لنفوتوکسین آلفا (LTα) و فاکتور تغییر دهنده رشد بتا (TGFβ1) در روز 20 جنینی انجام شد.  میزان تام ایمونوگلوبولین و پاسخ نسبت به گلبول­های قرمز گوسفند در نوزادان بررسی شدند.  همچنین، ایمنی ذاتی از نظر فعالیت باکتری کشی سرم، لیزوزیم، مایلوپراکسیداز، آنتی تریپسینی و کمپلمان ارزیابی شد.  بیان ژن­های ذکر شده در سنین 15 و 30 روزگی نوزادان نیز نسبت به گروه کنترل مقایسه شد.  نتایج حاصل شده بیان­گر کاهش معنی­دار فعالیت لیزوزیم، سیستم کمپلمان و میلوپراکسیداز و کاهش غیر معنی­دار فعالیت باکتری­کشی سرم و پاسخ ایمنی هومورال گروه آلاینده نسبت به گروه کنترل است.  کاهش سطح بیان لنفوتوکسین و اینترفرون یک بتا و افزایش سطح بیان فاکتور نکروز توموری آلفا و اینترلوکین 1 و 10 جنین­های گروه آلاینده مشاهده شد.  همچنین، افزایش نسبی فاکتور نکروز توموری و فاکتور رشد تغییر دهنده بتا وابسته به سن در زاده­های گروه آلاینده مشاهده ­شد.  در مجموع، بخار ناشی از آلاینده­های نفتی دارای اثر مخرب و چشم گیری بر پاسخ­های سیستم ایمنی ذاتی، هومورال و سلولی زاده­های مادران مجاور شده با این ترکیبات هستند.  مکانیسم دخیل بر این تأثیرات و بررسی راه­های کاهش این تأثیرات مخرب می­تواند در مطالعات آینده بررسی گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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