Bone remodeling biomarkers and lumbar vertebrae plasticity in cows with hypophosphatemia

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

2 Associated Professor, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

3 DVM Graduated, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran

Abstract

    Although hypophosphatemia is a major metabolic disorder in cattle, a clinically useful method has not been proposed for its rapid screening in cattle. This study aimed to evaluate bone biomarkers and lumbar vertebrae plasticity in cows with hypophosphatemia. Among referral cows suspected of hypophosphatemia, 27 hypophosphatemic and 10 healthy cows were recruited. Firstly, the plasticity of transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae was determined. Serum levels of calcium, magnesium, vitamin D, bone sialoprotein (BSP), and ALP activity were assayed. Results revealed a significant increase in serum ALP activity and a significant decrease in vitamin D in the hypophosphatemic compared with the healthy cows. Serum BSP had an insignificant increment in the patients than the healthy group. The patients were segregated into 3 subgroups of severe, moderate and mild hypophosphatemia. Serum ALP activity was higher in severe hypophosphatemic than the other subgroups. A strong negativecorrelation was observed between serum phosphorus concentration and severity of lumbar vertebrate plasticity. In conclusion, hypophosphatemia was associated with significant changes in bone remodeling biomarkers. Since degree of lumbar vertebrate plasticity was directly related to the intensity of hypophosphatemia, it can be used for clinical screening and determining the degree of hypophosphatemia in cattle.

Keywords

References

Carlson, C.S. & Weisbrode, S.E. (2012). Bones and Joints. In: Zachary, J.F., and McGavin, M. D. (ed.) Pathologic basis of veterinary diseases. 5th Edn. Elsevier Mosby, USA. pp. 920-971.
Chen, H., Li, J. & Wang, Q. (2018). Associations between bone-alkaline phosphatase and bone mineral density in adults with and without diabetes. Medicine (Baltimore), 97(17): e0432.
Cheng, Y., Goff, J.P. & Horst, R.L. (1998). Restoring normal blood phosphorus concentrations in hypophosphatemic cattle with sodium phosphate. Veterinary Medicine, 93(4): 383-386.
Constable, P. D., Hinchcliff, K.W. & Done, S. H. (2017). Veterinary Medicine. A textbook of the diseases of cattle, sheep, goats and horses. 11th ed., W. B. Saunders, London, UK.
Goff, J.P. (2006). Macromineral physiology and application to the feeding of the dairy cow for prevention of milk fever and other periparturient mineral disorders. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 126(3-4): 237-257.
Gorski, J.P., Wang, A., Lovitch, D., Law, D., Powell, K. & Midura, R.J. (2004). Extracellular bone acidic glycoprotein-75 defines condensed mesenchyme regions to be mineralized and localizes with bone sialoprotein during intramembranous bone formation. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 279: 25455–25463.
Heuer, C. & Bode, E. (1998). Variation of serum inorganic phosphorus and association with haemoglobinuria and osteomalacia in female water buffaloes in Pakistan. Preventive veterinary medicine, 33(1-4): 69-81.8.
Horst, R.L., Goff, J.P. & Reinhardt, T.A. (1994). Calcium and vitamin D metabolism in the dairy cow. Journal of Dairy Science, 77(7): 1936-1951.
Jubb, T.F. & Crough, K.F. (1998). Phosphorus supplementation of cattle. Australian Veterinary Journal, 65(9): 264-267.
Kahn, C.M. & Line, S. (2010). Merck veterinary manual. 10th ed., Merck and Co. Inc., USA, New York.
Kang, K.Y., Hong, Y.S., Park, S.H. & Ju, J.H. (2015). Increased serum alkaline phosphatase levels correlate with high disease activity and low bone mineral density in patients with axial spondyloarthritis. Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism, 45(2): 202-207.
Kaya, A., Akgul, Y. & Yuksek, N. (2008). Studies on the aetiology and treatment of hypophosphataemia developed naturally in cattle from Van region of Turkey. Medycyna Weterynaryjna, 61(2): 171-174.
Kurek, L., Lutnicki, K. & Banach, A. (2010). Various types of hypophosphataemia in dairy cows and the clinical implications depending on the intensity of the deficiency. Bulletin of Veterinary Institute in Pulawy, 54(1): 35-41.
McNamara, J.P. (2011). Body condition. Measurement techniques and data processing. In: Fuqua, J. W., Fox, P. E. and McSweeney, P. L. H. (ed.) Encyclopaedia of dairy sciences. 2nd ed., Academic Press, San Diego, USA, pp. 457–462.
Nakamura, I., Rodan, G.A. & Duongle, T. (2003). Regulatory mechanism of osteoclast activation. Journal of Electron Microscopy, 52(6): 527-533.
Nikvand, A.A., Nouri, M. & Rashnavadi, M. (2014). A relationship between hypophosphatemia and plasticity of transvers process of lumbar vertebrates in cattle. Journal of Large Animal Clinical Science Research, 7(2): 1-8.
Norman, A.W. (2008). From vitamin D to hormone D: fundamentals of the vitamin D endocrine system essential for good health. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 88(2): 491S-499S.
Radwan, M.E. & Rateb, H.Z. (2007). Clinical, haematological and some biochemical variations hypophosphatemia in buffaloes before and after treatment at Assiut Government. BS Veterinary Medicine Journal, 17(2): 35-41.
Seibel, M.J., Woitge, H.W. & Pecherstorfer, M. (1996). Serum immunoreactive bone sialoprotein as a new marker of bone turnover in metabolic and malignant bone disease. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, 81(9): 3289-3294.
Shaarawy, M. & Hassan, M. (2001). Serum bone sialoprotein: a marker of bone resorption in postmenopausal osteoporosis. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical Laboratory Investigation, 61(7): 513-521.
 Smith, B. P. (2015): Large animal internal medicine. 5th ed., Elsevier Mosby, USA.
Spakauskas, V., Klimiene, I., Ruzauskas, M. & Bandzite, V. (2006). Variation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in sera of healthy and sick cows. Biologoja 4: 80-86.
Uhi, E.W. (2018). The pathology of vitamin D deficiency in domesticated animals: An evolutionary and comparative overview. International Journal of Paleopathology, 23: 100-109.
Vojtic, I. (2002). Changes of serum phosphatase activity in dairy cows supplemented with calcium during early lactation. Agricultura, 1: 24-27.
Wollheim, F.A. (1999). Bone sialoprotein-a new marker for subchondral bone. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 7: 331–332.
Zongping, L. (2005). Studies on rickets and osteomalacia in Bactrian camels (Camelus bactrianus). Veterinary Journal, 169(3): 444-453.

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics