A cross sectional study on Bartonella henselae infection in dogs in Ahvaz district by PCR
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2013
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Bartonella species are being recognized an increasingly important bacterial pathogens in veterinary and humane medicine. The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence of Bartonella henselae in blood, saliva and nail of dogs in Ahvaz district, Southwest of Iran. It was studied the prevalence of Bartonella henselae infection in 100 domestic dogs living in Ahvaz. Blood, saliva and nail samples (300 samples) were collected from studied dogs for one year period. They were analyzed for the presence of Bartonella henselae by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. In this study, Bartonella henselae was not detected in blood, saliva and nail specimens of the studied dogs. DNA of Bartonella henselae was amplified by PCR, using two primers, Bart983as and Bart321s. This survey is the first study on the prevalence of Bartonella henselae infection in dog's populations from Iran. Absence of the infection in the studied dogs shows that they have not relatively role in transmission of infection. Nevertheless, it is proposed another study on a larger population of dogs.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
3
no.
2013
5
12
https://www.ivj.ir/article_3599_83b7e850b343b8bbb55d051f80e1194b.pdf
Histopathological study of gill and skin of carassius auratus and ptreophyllum sp. In Abadan and Khorramshahr
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2013
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According to increasing of interest to ornamental fish in Iran and in the world, health and treatment is coming important in these species. In the current study, parasitic infestation and histopathological lesions in two popular and general scpecies of ornamental fish, goldfish (Carassius auratus) and angelfish (Ptreophyllum sp.) was studied by using two methods, wet mount and histopathology. In this research, totally of 40 fish, 20 goldfish and 20 angelfish with symptoms of disease, including anorexia, inactivity and lethargy, were selected from 10 aquarium shops in Abadan and khorramshahr and transferred to the laboratory. Wet mount was prepared from skin and gill of all fish. Then histopathological sections were prepared and stained with H&E and studied by light microscopy. Based on the results, different percentage of parasitic infestation to Dactylogyrus, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, Chillodonella, Argulus and trichodina were observed. Histopathological alteration such as hyperplasia, clubbing of gill filaments, telangiectasia, edema, hemorrhagia and epitheliocystis were seen. Also, different sections of parasites were seen in 11 goldfish and two angelfish, respectively. In five cases, no parasitic infestation was seen in wet mount but they have been diagnosed by histopathology. Results obtained from this study showed that histopathological study may more effective than wet mount for diagnosis of parasitic infestation and lesions which have been observed are in related to adverse and unfavourable conditions and parasitic infestation, nutritional and environmental factors are the main factors for indicing of these histopathological aspects.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
3
no.
2013
13
26
https://www.ivj.ir/article_3604_c71ae5c95d07b5a162c8fadb98d92c57.pdf
Detection of the enterotoxin-producing genes in staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis milk by PCR in Tabriz and Urmia regions
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2013
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Recently molecular methods, such as PCR have been used successfully for the identification of different genes in microoganisms. The aim of this study was to detect the enterotoxin-producing genes in Staphylococcus aureus as major human pathogens in cattle milk samples by PCR. Milk samples were collected from individual cattle in industrial dairy herds of Tabriz (5 herds) and Urmia (4 herds). In order to isolation of S. aureus by cultural methods, bacteriological examinations were done on all samples. Yellow colored colonies which were mannitol positive on mannitol salt agar, suspected as S. aureus. Biochemical tests were used for the presumptive identification of all suspected isolates. Based on the presence of aroA gene which encodes the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikmate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), 50 S. aureus were confirmed. S. aureus ATCC 29213 used as positive control. DNA extracted from all isolates and the PCR carried out using specific primers for S. aureus enterotoxins (A-H). Among the total of 50 S. aureus isolates, 5 were positive for sec (3 from Urmia and 2 from Tabriz), 6 were positive for seg (2 from Urmia and 4 from Tabriz) and one isolate from Urmia was positive for seh gene. The genes for sea, seb, sed, and see were not detected in any of isolates. The results of this study revealed that enterotoxin-producing genes are present in the milk samples of different regions. In order to have more information about the distributions of the enterotoxin-producing genes in S. aureus, more investigations should be done on more samples from Urmia and Tabriz and also other regions of Iran.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
3
no.
2013
27
35
https://www.ivj.ir/article_3606_566f29c622202237868c4f1519e522b3.pdf
The effect of ovarian follicular size and estrous cycle on IGF-1, insulin and glucose levels of follicular fluid and blood serum in Khuzestan hybrid cattle
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2013
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Folliculogenesis is the important process in the female reproduction. During the follicular development, follicular fluid with growth factor, hormones and various nutrients, provides the conditions for growth and maturation of oocyte. The present study was performed to evaluation the IGF-1, insulin and glucose concentrations in ovarian follicular fluid of different sized follicles and blood serum during follicular and luteal phases of estrous cycle in hybrid cattle. The blood samples and ovaries of 20 slaughtered cattle (10 animals in follicular and others in luteal phases of estrous cycle) were studied. In laboratory, the follicular fluid was aspirated from small (6-9 mm) and large (≥10 mm) follicles. The concentrations of IGF-1, insulin and glucose in follicular fluids and blood serum were determined. The follicular fluid and serum levels of IGF-1 in follicular fluid was significantly (p0.05). But, the serum level of insulin in follicular phase was significantly higher than that in luteal phase (P0.05). However, in follicular phase, the concentration of blood serum insulin was significantly (p0.05). In general, the results showed that IGF-1, insulin and glucose in follicular fluid and blood serum of cattle depending on the stage of the sexual cycle and follicular development is changing.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
3
no.
2013
36
42
https://www.ivj.ir/article_3618_01c5a81f99066a22a2b508ef6a6f526f.pdf
The effect of different levels of soybean meals and avizyme enzyme supplement on hematological and biochemical parameters of serum in rainbow trout
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2013
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The present study has been carried out for the purpose of evaluating the effects of different levels of soybean and Avizyme multi enzyme supplement on hematological and biochemical parameters in serum of rainbow trout following 60 days of trial. The basis of tested diet formulation in this paper was the substitution of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the fish's soybean protein with the soybean protein and use of different amounts of Avizyme multi enzyme with 0, 500, and 1000 ppm dosages in the diets under 13 experimental treatments. At the end of trial period, blood samples have prepared through caudal peduncle vein from 195 normal fish, looking healthy (with the weight average of 127.91±15.57g). Based on the results, the highest amount of WBC was observed in diet with 50% soybean protein accompanied by 1000 ppm Avizyme multi enzyme supplement which had a significant difference compared to the other treatments (P<0.05). Moreover, the PCV, total protein and globulin had the highest amount in this treatment with no significant difference (P>0.05). Adding the amount of soybean in the diet, concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, ALT and ALP, the displayed a significant redused compared to the control treatment (P<0.05). Overally, it can be rectified that the diet with 50% soybean protein accompanied by 1000 ppm Avizyme multi enzyme can have positive effects on hematological and biochemical parameters of serum in rainbow trout.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
3
no.
2013
43
53
https://www.ivj.ir/article_3619_f04e450534564bcdcae2985b8a239cbf.pdf
Seroepidemiological detection of antibodies against leptospira using microscopical agglutination test in Urmia cow and sheep
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2013
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The study was designed to determine the level of incidence, titer and various serovars of leptospira in 203 cows and 166 sheep at Urmia abattoir in 2011. Blood samples were collected during the slaughter of animals and sera were separated to evaluate serological reaction to leptospira spp by microscopic agglutination test (MAT) using live antigens representing leptospira interrogans serogroups: pomona, grippotyphosa, canicola, hardjo, icterrohaemoragia, and ballum. Overall, 36% of cows and 19.3% of sheep including 33.8% of bulls, 40.5% of female cows, 18.3% of rams and 25% of ewes had positive reaction to at least one of the leptospira serovars. The most prevalent serovars in cows were pomona (22.7%), grippotyphosa (13.8%), and hardjo (8.4%), and in sheep were grippotyphosa (66.7%), pomona (26.2%) and canicola (7.1%). Other serovars were not detected in ruminants. The most prevalent serological titers for 1:100 and 1:200 in cows was 18.2% and 26.6% and for sheep, were 13.5% and 8%, respectively, and for 1:400 in sheep it was 2.3%. Cows with positive reaction to one, two and three serovars were 28.6%, 5.9%, and 1.5% and sheep to one and two serovars were 13.3% and 6%, respectively. Age comparison in seropositive cows and sheep showed significantly increased infection (P<0.05) from young to adult ruminants, while no differences were seen between males and females regarding gender. The main mixed serovars were between grippotyphosa/pomona, grippotyphosa/canicola and canicola/pomona. The gender comparison of the serovars' distribution revealed that the pomona and grippotyphosa were predominant among other leptospiral serovars in cows and sheep, respectively. In conclusion, the rate of leptospirosis in Urmia cows was about 2 fold in sheep. The most current serovars in cows and sheep were pomona and grippotyphosa, respectively. The majority of animals infected with one serovar, but polyserovars, is also possible. The highest titer (1:200) was observed in cows. There was no gender difference, but age was significant between ruminants. Finally, leptospirosis as a zoonotic disease must be seriously considered in Urmia cows rather than in sheep, and therefore, a serious effort must be considered to reduce the rate of disease and the risk of public health as well.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
3
no.
2013
54
61
https://www.ivj.ir/article_3620_4b25a9847c23448e47ca2f02c95018d7.pdf
Study on the infection rate to cryptosporidium in suckling calves of Ghuchan district
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2013
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Cryptosporidium spp. are prevalent and pathogens intestinal protozoan parasites in humans and many other species of mammals. Study was to determine Cryptosporidium infection in suckling calves of Ghuchan district (north of Razavi Khorasan province). Four hundred fecal samples from suckling calves with age up to 75 days were collected. After concentration of oocyst with Formol-ether method, all of slides were stained with modified Ziehl-Neelsen's acid fast method and were studied microscopically to oocyst detection. Results confirmed cryptosporidial infection in 2.5% (10 samples out of 400) of studied calves. Statistical analyses showed that the maximum rate of the infection was in animal with age P=0.032; OR=5.76). Cryptosporidiosis may be a major epidemiological significance in Ghuchan district and suggests that suckling calves may be reservoirs of the infection for other animals and even for humans too.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
3
no.
2013
62
68
https://www.ivj.ir/article_3610_85fbac9ebbefe202acd0704e00ae9c33.pdf
Macroscopical and histomorphological studies of rat prostate gland
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2013
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Rat prostate gland which is used in various investigations has a considerable morphological differences with other mammals. There are few reports about its structure. So, this study was carried out for determining of histomorphological and anatomical structure of rat prostate. Five healthy adult male rats with average weight 180±20 grs and approximately 3-3.5 months age were studied. Samples were taken from different lobes, and 5-6 µm sections were made using paraffin embedding method. Sections were stained with H & E and PAS. The histometrical studies were done using digital Dino-Lite lens and Dino- capture 1 Software. The macroscopic results showed that the rat prostate consisted of four lobes including: anterior, ventral, dorsal, and lateral lobes, which lateral lobe, divided into 2 sub lobes of types 1 and 2. Microscopicopical observation showed that prostate parenchyma consisted of secretory ducts and secretory alveolo-tubular units. The secretory alveolar units have many folds but these folds are vary in different lobes, so that the anterior lobe has the maximum folded secretory units and they are spread across the entire lob but they were located in peripheral zone of other lobes. The alveolar cells have different staining intensity, so that the alveolar cells of the lateral lobe 1 is more acidophilic than other lobes. The proportion of secretory units to secretory ducts varied in different lobes, so that the dorsal lobe has maximum proportion. Tubular units are usually free of folds and mostly are located in the center of the lobes. The results showed that the epithelial secretory units has twice thickness compare to secretory ducts. Thes difference is significant (P≥0.05).
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
3
no.
2013
69
80
https://www.ivj.ir/article_3611_c917041933794b1c3d00868ca63978e3.pdf
Anesthetic effects of clove oil essence loaded on the iron nanoparticles in Angel fish (Pterophyllum scalare)
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2013
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In the present study fifty number angel fish (Pterophyllum scalare) with a mean length of 5.8±0.3 cm in 26±2ºC, and pH=7±1 randomly allocated in five groups. Fish of four groups were anesthetized with 12, 25, 50, and 100ppm clove (Eugenia caryophillata) oil essence loaded on iron nanoparticles by immersion method, and fifth group as indicator were anesthetized by 50 ppm clove oil. Loss of equilibrium, light anesthesia, regaining equilibrium and complete recovery times were precisely recorded. Statistical analysis showed that minimum dose required for induce aneasthesia by clove oil loaded on the iron nanoparticles was 12 ppm in angel fish at recommended time (maximum time for induce aneasthesia: 3 min). The time of complete recovery in this dose was about 5 min. Fish behaviors monitoring at 96 hours after anesthesia demonstrated clove oil loaded on iron nanoparticles is safe for angel fish, Because in this study revealed no abnormalities such as apparent changes (color change), behaviors changes (ataxia) and tachy ventilation.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
3
no.
2013
81
88
https://www.ivj.ir/article_3612_b663a7738918df9d6406a88dbc2fed1a.pdf
Outbreak of ectoparasite argulus foliaceus in broods of Zagros pupfish aphanius vladykovi in Choghakhor lagoon of Chaharmahal-o-Bakhtyari, Iran
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2013
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The present study aimed to investigate the outbreak of ectoparasites Argulus foliaceus in Zagros pupfish, mahi-e-gour-e-khari, Aphanius vladykovi ,Coad 1988, in order to determine the infesting of the brood stock in the native fish population in the habitat of Choghakhor Lagoon of Chaharmahal-o-Bakhtyari of Iran during the spawning season. It is reported for the first time from the fish A.vladykovi in Iran. The results showed that 51% of sampled A.vladykovi broods were infested with A. Foliaceus (as 70% of the sampled females and 36% of the sampled males). The high average population density of the argulids in 100 ml. of water samples were observed in the low depth water bodies with clay bottoms (6.8±0.5) and gravel bottoms (3.2±0.4) as well as in their spawning nest in the beneath of the aquatic weeds (4.5±0.3). The attendance of the argulids to the spawning localities of the broods host in the low depth waters, and the presence of A.vladykovi broods among the lessened water depth of habitats through seasonally declined depth of the lagoon could explain the heavy infection of the hosts. Moreover, the female behaviours as a prolonged reproduction and spawning behaviours, and their body sensitivities allowed the argulids to utilize the spectrums of their habitats and the more outbreaks.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
3
no.
2013
89
103
https://www.ivj.ir/article_3613_a5a2f3c99ac77145f78beda0982d6327.pdf
Determination of relationship between motility rate and vital staining with reaction of frozen-thawed bull sperm to hypoosmotic swelling test
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2013
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Evaluation of bull frozen-thawed spermatozoa is valuable to determination of fertility rate. The objective of this study was to determination of relationship between motility and vital staining with reaction rate of frozen-thawed bull sperm to hypoosmol solutions and determination of the best medium and dilution for evaluation of plasma membrane of bull frozen sperm. In this study we have examined the motility and lived sperms rate, we have used of distilled water, dextrose-NaCl and NaCl medium with 50, 75, 100 and 300 mOsm/L dilutions. For the present study we have bought 30 Holestian bull frozen-thawed sperm payote. The examinations of Indian ink, vital staining, motility and hypoosmotic test were used to evaluate the payotes. The results have showed that proportion of reacted sperm to DW more than other solutions (p0.05). In conclusion, this study demonstrated that distilled water can efficiently use for evaluation of the functional integrity of the plasma membrane of frozen–thawed bull sperm and 50 mOsmol/L of dextrose-NaCl was a good hypoosmotic media to evaluate plasma membrane of frozen sperm. Based on the results, the positive correlation was observed between motility and hypoosmotic Swelling test but no correlation between hypoosmotic Swelling test and lived sperm rates. So, motility and hypoosmotic Swelling test are valuable examinations for evaluation of bull frozen-thawed sperms.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
3
no.
2013
104
112
https://www.ivj.ir/article_3614_f9c3eab8bd02646b9bdf4f240807e0d5.pdf
The effect of bovine albumin on Mahabadi goat semen quality after freezing-thawing
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2013
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The study was conducted to investigate the effects of various concentrations of bovine serum albumin (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg/ml) in extenders based on tris and egg yolk on the Mahabadi goat spermatozoa after freezing-thawing. Semen samples were collected by an artificial vagina, twice a week from four matured goat. The extender containing semen was frozen in liquid nitrogen and then was store until using for assessment. semen was thawed at 37◦C and then motility and progressive motility were assessed by CASA. Membrane integrity, viability, morphology and acrosome status were assessed too. The results of this experiment showed that extender containing 10 and 15 mg bovine serum albumin significantly improved motility, progressive motility and viability compare to control treatment (P0.05). It can be conclude that adding 10 and 15 mg bovine serum albumin in to goat extender is suitable for preservation of sperm and its fertility.
Iranian Veterinary Journal
Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz
1735-6873
9
v.
3
no.
2013
113
121
https://www.ivj.ir/article_3615_9bac952e8bf2dfa5a829bedd0d4aa1ac.pdf